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Killip Class Calculator

Enter the Killip class (1-4) to get the associated mortality.

How it is calculated

There is no formula here: the tool is a lookup table. You enter the Killip class as a whole number from 1 to 4, and it returns a fixed in-hospital mortality figure for that class: class 1 gives 6 %, class 2 gives 17 %, class 3 gives 38 % and class 4 gives 81 %. The label is the class written in Roman numerals (Killip I to Killip IV).

The class itself is not calculated from symptoms; it comes from the bedside examination described by the classification (I no signs of heart failure, II mild rales or an S3 gallop, III overt pulmonary oedema, IV cardiogenic shock) and you pick it yourself. Anything other than 1, 2, 3 or 4 (a decimal such as 2.5, 0, 5, or a Roman numeral typed as text) returns no result. The percentages are fixed population-level values, not a prediction for one patient, and this is an educational tool, not a medical device.

Worked example

A patient after myocardial infarction is examined at the bedside and has mild rales in the lungs, which corresponds to Killip class 2. Entering 2 looks up the class 2 row of the table. The tool returns an estimated in-hospital mortality of 17.00% with the label Killip II. Entering 3 instead would give 38.00%, and class 1 would give 6.00%, so each step up the scale roughly doubles the figure or more.

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Common mistakes

  • Typing the class as a Roman numeral (II) or as a decimal (2.5). Only the whole numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4 are accepted.
  • Treating the percentage as this patient's personal risk. It is one fixed figure per class and ignores age, blood pressure, treatment and every other factor.
  • Using it for heart failure that is not related to an acute myocardial infarction. The classification and these figures refer to heart failure after an acute MI only.
  • Entering a class from an old examination note without re-checking. The class describes the findings at the time of assessment and can change as the patient improves or worsens.
  • Expecting the class to be derived from test results. Nothing is calculated from imaging or labs; the class is an input you must judge from the physical exam.

Sources

About this calculator

The Killip classification, introduced by Killip and Kimball in 1967, is a bedside four-level scale that stratifies the severity of heart failure in a patient following an acute myocardial infarction, based purely on physical exam findings — no imaging or labs required. Class I means no signs of heart failure; Class II adds mild rales or an S3 gallop; Class III means overt pulmonary edema; and Class IV is cardiogenic shock, with in-hospital mortality historically rising steeply from roughly 6% in Class I to over 50% in Class IV.

Emergency physicians and cardiologists use the Killip class at the bedside, within minutes of a patient's arrival, to triage risk and guide the intensity of monitoring and treatment before more detailed risk scores (like GRACE or TIMI) can be calculated from labs and imaging.

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Comments (1)

  • Editorial team

    This tool is mainly useful for teaching and for seeing how steep the scale is: moving from class II to class III takes the stored figure from 17% to 38%, so the line between mild rales and overt pulmonary oedema carries more weight than the line between classes I and II. It describes a class, not a patient, and it is not clinical advice. Which related risk score, such as GRACE or TIMI, would you like to see supported next?

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