Pension Lump Sum vs Annuity Calculator

See whether the lump sum or the monthly pension pays more.

How it is calculated

The tool adds up the pension payments over the number of years you choose and subtracts the lump sum: annuity total = monthly pension × 12 × years and difference = annuity total − lump sum. The lump sum and the monthly pension are in dollars; years is how long you expect to collect. A positive difference means the payments add up to more than the lump sum over that period, a negative one (printed like -$70,000.00) means the lump sum is larger. The sum is simple and undiscounted: it ignores inflation, investment returns on the lump sum, taxes, survivor benefits and any cost-of-living increases, so it is a first comparison, not a valuation. Years can be fractional (15.5 works) but must be between 0 and 100; more than 100 years, or any negative or empty input, gives no result.

Worked example

A plan offers $250,000 now or $1,500 per month, and you assume 20 years of payments. Monthly payments over 20 years: 1,500 × 12 × 20 = $360,000.00. Difference against the lump sum: 360,000 − 250,000 = $110,000.00 in favour of the pension. The same figures give a break-even of about 13.9 years (250,000 ÷ 18,000), after which the monthly payments have added up to more than the lump sum.

Try this example →

Common mistakes

  • Entering the annual pension in the monthly field. The tool multiplies by 12 itself, so a yearly figure overstates the total twelvefold.
  • Reading a positive difference as proof that the pension wins. The totals are not discounted, so $360,000 spread over twenty years is worth less today than $360,000 now, and the lump sum could be invested.
  • Using the retirement-plan quote with a different payout horizon than you actually expect. The result moves directly with years, so test a short and a long period rather than a single guess; at 15 years the same offer shows -$70,000.00 in favour of the lump sum.
  • Forgetting the details that sit outside the arithmetic: whether payments stop at death, whether a spouse continues to receive them, and whether they rise with inflation.

About this calculator

When a defined-benefit pension pays out, many plans let the retiree choose between a lump sum today or a lifetime annuity of fixed monthly payments. The two options are only comparable once you put them on the same footing: this calculator projects the monthly annuity payments over your expected payout period and compares that total against the lump sum offered today. The total is not discounted for the time value of money, so it overstates the annuity's worth in today's terms; the difference shown is a starting point, not a present-value comparison.

The right choice depends heavily on your discount rate assumption, life expectancy, and what you'd realistically earn if you invested the lump sum yourself. A lump sum gives control and flexibility — you can invest it, pass it to heirs, or spend it as needed — while an annuity guarantees income for life but usually stops at death and offers no upside if you live a long time. Financial planners walk retirees through this exact trade-off; this tool gives you the numbers to start that conversation.

Was this helpful?

You can pick up to 3 reactions.

Comments

  • Be the first to comment.

Popular calculators

All Calculators